The Enlightenment and Scientific Revolution Standards
Students analyze the historical developments of the Scientific Revolution and its lasting effect
on religious, political, and cultural institutions. Students analyze political, social, and
economic change as a result of the Age of Enlightenment in Europe.
7.59 Describe the roots of the Scientific Revolution based upon Christian and Muslim
influences.
7.60 Gather relevant information from multiple print and digital sources explaining the
significance of new scientific theories, the accomplishments of leading figures including Sir
Frances Bacon, Nicolaus Copernicus, Rene Descartes, Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, and Sir
Isaac Newton, and new inventions, including the telescope, microscope, thermometer, and
barometer.
7.61 Trace how the main ideas of the Enlightenment can be traced back to such movements and epochs as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Scientific Revolution, the Greeks, the Romans, and Christianity.
7.62 Describe the accomplishments of major Enlightenment thinkers, including Locke and
Charles-Louis Montesquieu.
7.63 Explain the origins of modern capitalism, the influence of mercantilism, and the cottage
industry; the elements and importance of a market economy in 17th century Europe; the
changing international trading and marketing patterns; including their locations on a world
map; and the influence of explorers and mapmakers.
Primary Documents and Supporting Texts to Read: excerpts from Two Treatises of
Government, John Locke; excerpts from The Spirit of Law, Montesquieu